Impact of natural killer cell’s functional reconstruction on the results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Introduction. Currently, more and attention is being paid to possible strategies for preventing the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) reducing risk infections while maintaining antitumor effect — graft-versus-leukemia (GVL). In this context, study natural killer cells (NK-cells) seems be quite promising. Aim – analyze biological functional properties NK-cells after allo-HSCT, their reconstitution transplantation factors affecting process, as well mechanisms alloreactivity NK in patients allo-HSCT. Main findings. Various types activating or inhibiting receptors, which are expressed on NK-cells, regulate functions NK-cells. Among them, main role played by immunoglobin-like receptor (KIR-receptor), mediates tolerance one’s own immune response, both directed against infectious agents. can play a decisive early relapses complications, they among first recover They also have ability eliminate recipient’s T-cells antigen presenting (APCs), thereby graft failure GVHD. There several models based KIR; however, results studies area contradictory. This review summarizes available literature data.